Most custom orthotics last around two to four years for an adult, though heavier use, heavier body weight and high-mileage running shorten that. The shell usually outlasts the top cover, so your podiatrist can often refurbish a device rather than remake it. Children grow out of theirs faster, sometimes within a year, because the shell has to match a growing foot.

Yes. Most people notice a firm, unfamiliar feeling under the arch for the first week or two while your foot adapts to a new load pattern. A gradual build-up helps. Mild aching in a new area can settle, but sharp pain, rubbing or pinching is not part of wearing in, so contact the clinic for an adjustment rather than pushing through.

Sometimes, but not always. An orthotic sits at a set height and width, so it needs a shoe with a removable insole and enough depth. Work boots, runners and dress shoes often need different devices. Tell your podiatrist which shoes you actually wear at the assessment, because the prescription is designed around the shoe as much as the foot.

For mild, short-term pain, a good prefabricated insole can be enough, and your podiatrist may modify one for you. Custom devices are prescribed when your foot shape is unusual, when pressure needs to be taken off one precise area, when past insoles have failed, or when a health condition such as diabetes or arthritis raises the stakes.

There is no good evidence that orthotics weaken your feet. They change where load lands rather than doing the work your muscles do. Your podiatrist normally pairs a device with strengthening exercises so your feet get stronger while the painful tissue settles. Many people use orthotics for a period, then reduce their use as strength and tolerance improve.

Yes, and children are assessed differently to adults because their feet are still developing. Flat-looking feet in a young child are often normal and need no device at all. Orthotics are considered when a child has pain, tires or trips more than expected, or avoids activity. Ask about our children’s podiatry service, Children’s podiatry [CONFIRM: link when live].